目的:探讨外骨骼机器人分离运动训练对脑卒中偏瘫患者下肢功能康复的影响。方法:选取 2022 年 12 月—2024 年 6 月 大庆油田总医院收治的脑卒中偏瘫患者 180 例作为研究对象,按照随机数字表法将其分为观察组和对照组,每组 90 例。 对照组予外骨骼机器人随意运动轨迹(复合运动)训练,观察组予外骨骼机器人固定轨迹(分离运动)训练。比较两组训 练前后 6 min 步行试验(6 MWT)、10 m 步行测试(10 MWT)、Holden 步行功能分级量表(FAC)评分、Fugl-Meyer 下肢 运动评定量表(FMA-LE)评分、改良 Ashworth 分级(MAS)评分、膝关节与髋关节活动度、改良 Barthel 指数(MBI)评 分和体感诱发电位(SEP)。结果:与训练前相比,训练后两组患者 6 MWT、10 MWT 结果均提升,且观察组优于对照组 (P<0.05);与训练前相比,训练后两组患者 FAC 与 FMA-LE 评分提高,MAS 评分降低,与对照组相比,训练后观察组 FAC 与 FMA-LE 评分更高,MAS 评分更低(P<0.05);与训练前相比,训练后两组患者膝关节和髋关节活动度提高,且观察 组高于对照组(P<0.05);与训练前相比,训练后两组患者 MBI 各项指标评分及总分均提高,对比对照组,训练后观察组上 楼、转移、步行、如厕评分及 MBI 总分更高(P<0.05);与训练前相比,训练后两组患者 P40 波幅提高,P40 潜伏期缩短, 与对照组相比,训练后观察组 P40 波幅更高,P40 潜伏期更短(P<0.05)。结论:基于外骨骼机器人分离运动训练可有效改 善脑卒中偏瘫患者肌张力、下肢运动功能和步行能力,提高膝关节、髋关节活动度,改善生活质量;SEP 作为一项良好的康 复疗效评价指标,可准确、客观反映神经功能变化情况。
Objective: To explore the effect of exoskeleton robot-assisted training on lower limb functional rehabilitation in stroke patients with hemiplegia. Methods: 180 patients with hemiplegia after stroke who were treated in Daqing Oilfield General Hospital from December 2022 to June 2024 were selected. They were divided into the observation group (n=90) and the control group (n=90) using the random number table method. The control group was given a random trajectory exoskeleton robotic training (compound motion), and the observation group was given a fixed trajectory exoskeleton robotic training (separated motion). The differences in the 6 min walking test (6 MWT), 10 m walking test (10 MWT), Holden Walking Functional Classification Scale (FAC) scores, Fugl-Meyer Assessment of Lower Extremity (FMA-LE) scores, Modified Ashworth Scale (MAS) scores, knee and hip joint mobility, Modified Barthel Index (MBI) score, and somatosensory evoked potentials (SEP) between the two groups of patients before and after training were compared. Results: Compared with that before training, the 6 MWT and 10 MWT were improved in both groups after training, and they were better in the observation group than those in the control group (P<0.05). The FAC and FMA-LE scores were improved, and the MAS scores were reduced in both groups after training, the FAC and FMA-LE scores were higher and the MAS scores were lower in the observation group than those in the control group (P<0.05). Compared with that before training, the knee and hip mobility increased in both groups after training, and it was better in the observation group than the control group (P<0.05). The MBI scores of all indicators and total scores increased in the two groups after training, and the observation group had higher scores of going up the stairs, transferring, walking, toileting, and the total score of MBI after training compared with the control group (P<0.05). Compared with that before training, the P40 wave amplitude increased and P40 latency shortened in both groups after training, and the P40 wave amplitude was higher and P40 latency was shorter in the observation group than those in the control group after training (P<0.05). Conclusion: Exoskeleton robotic assisted training can effectively improve muscle tone, lower limb motor function, and walking ability of stroke patients with hemiplegia, improve their knee and hip mobility, and improve their quality of life. SEP, as a good evaluation indicator of rehabilitation efficacy, can reflect changes in neurological function accurately and objectively.
基金项目:大庆市科技计划项目(zdv-2023-98)
Foundation Item: Daqing Science and Technology Plan Project(zdv-2023-98)
引用格式:胥怀宇,刘丽丽,任志平 . 外骨骼机器人分离运动训练对脑卒中偏瘫患者下肢功能康复的效果研究 [J]. 机器人外科学杂志(中英 文),2025,6(3):404-409.
Citation: XU H Y, LIU L L, REN Z P. Effect of exoskeleton robot-assisted training on lower limb functional rehabilitation in stroke patients with hemiplegia[J]. Chinese Journal of Robotic Surgery, 2025, 6(3): 404-409.
通讯作者(Corresponding Author):任志平(REN Zhiping),Email:renzhiping92@163.com
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