目的：调查基于岗位胜任力的达芬奇机器人手术护士培训现状。方法：采用自行设计的问卷对达芬奇机器人手术护士 进行调查。结果：参与调查的 14 个省 / 市 / 自治区的 23 家医院 140 名机器人手术护士中，45.7% 持有培训证书，培训地点 主要为工作所在医院及达芬奇机器人手术培训中心；在培训涉及的五大模块中，达芬奇机器人发展史、训练模拟器、头颈外 科专科培训、助手孔及专科耗材出入库管理的培训率最低；培训方式主要为线下理论培训、手术观摩及手术实操；考核方式 主要为手术实操、模拟实操及口头提问；护士认为培训的主要问题为培训时间太短、课程内容过多及重点不突出；92.1% 的 护士认为有必要进行系统专业的培训。结论：护士参加机器人手术专科培训的意愿强烈，但现有培训基地不足以满足其培训 需求。此外，机器人手术专科护士的培训内容及考核方式尚未系统化及标准化，教育培训资源获取方式也较为单一。未来应 进一步规范达芬奇机器人手术护士的培训及考核体系，拓展教育资源获取渠道，并推动培训方式的多元化发展，以提升培训 的可及性与效果。

Objective: To investigate the nurse training status of Da Vinci robot-assisted surgery based on job competency. Methods: A self-designed questionnaire was used to survey nurses involved in Da Vinci robot-assisted surgery. Results: Of the 140 nurses involved in robot-assisted surgery in 23 hospitals from 14 provinces/municipalities/autonomous regions participating in the survey, 45.7% helding training certificates, and the training locations were mainly the hospitals where they worked and the Da Vinci robotic surgery training center. Among the 5 modules involved in training, the lowest training rate was for the development history of the Da Vinci robot, training simulator, specialized training in head and neck surgery, management of assistant hole and input-output of specialty consumables. The training methods were mainly offline theoretical training, surgical observation, and surgical practice. The assessment methods were mainly surgical practice, simulated practice, and oral questions. The main problems of training as perceived by the nurses were that the training time was too short, the course content was too much and unfocused. 92.1% of the nurses felt that systematic and specialized training was necessary. Conclusion: Nurses have a strong willingness to participate in robot-assisted surgery training, but the existing training bases are insufficient to meet their training needs. In addition, the training content and assessment methods for specialist nurses involved in robot-assisted surgery have not yet been systematized and standardized, and access to education and training resources is relatively homogeneous. In the future, the training and assessment system for nurses in Da Vinci robot-assisted surgery should be further standardized, access to educational resources should be expanded, and the diversification of training methods should be promoted in order to enhance the accessibility and effectiveness of training.

引用格式：饶茜，卢秀英，陈如婷 . 基于岗位胜任力的达芬奇机器人手术护士培训现状调查研究 [J]. 机器人外科学杂志（中英文），2025， 6（2）：293-299. 

Citation: RAO Q, LU X Y, CHEN R T. Status of nurse training for Da Vinci robot-assisted surgery based on job competency[J]. Chinese  Journal of Robotic Surgery, 2025, 6(2): 293-299. 

通讯作者（Corresponding Author）：卢秀英（ LU Xiuying），Email：185472064@qq.com

[1] Jara R D, Guerrón A D, Portenier D. Complications of robotic surgery[J]. Surg Clin North Am, 2020, 100(2): 461-468. 

[2] Martins R C, Trevilato D D, Jost M T, et al. Nursing performance in robotic surgeries: integrative review[J]. Rev Bras Enferm, 2019, 72(3): 795-800. 

[3] Intuitive Surgical, Inc. Intutive annual report 2022[EB/OL].[2023-07-14]. https: //investor.intuitivesurgical.com/static-files/0cb4f097-4e55-47b2- bfb8-dd4f9d45182b. 

[4] Uslu Y, Altınbaş Y, Özercan T, et al. The process of nurse adaptation to robotic surgery: A qualitative study[J]. Int J Med Robot, 2019, 15(4): e1996. 

[5] 张岩 , 秦元梅 , 邹小燕 , 等 . 岗位胜任力在我国新入职护士培训中的 应用现状 [J]. 护理研究 , 2023, 37(03): 488-491. 

[6] 陈如婷 , 卢秀英 , 姚倩 . 基于岗位胜任力的达芬奇机器人手术室护士 培训方案的构建 [J]. 护理学报 , 2023, 30(12): 31-35. 

[7] 沈小芬 , 石泽亚 , 周毅峰 , 等 . 达芬奇机器人手术护士基于清单管理 的培训 [J]. 护理学杂志 , 2022, 37(8): 34-36. 

[8] 李莎 , 余文静 , 曹婷 , 等 . 达芬奇机器人手术专科护士培训模式构建 [J]. 全科护理 , 2018, 16(31): 3946-3947. 

[9] 姚一苇 , 何国龙 , 赵体玉 , 等 . 全国 116 所医院机器人辅助手术专科 护理团队工作现状调查 [J]. 机器人外科学杂志 ( 中英文 ), 2023, 4(1): 48-56. 

[10] Silveira T P C, Catal E. A comparative study of the opinions, experiences and individual innovativeness characteristics of operating room nurses on robotic surgery[J]. J Adv Nurs, 2021, 77(12): 4755-4767. 

[11] 李芸 , 曲超然 , 叶凤清 , 等 . 华南地区机器人手术专科护士知信行现 状及培训需求的调查分析 [J]. 护士进修杂志 , 2023, 38(10): 934-938. 

[12] 陈如婷 , 姚倩 , 卢秀英 . 达芬奇机器人手术护士培训的意义与现状 [J]. 广西医学 , 2023, 45(9): 1098-1102. 

[13] Kang M J, De Gagne J C, Kang H S. Perioperative nurses’ work experience with robotic surgery: a focus group study[J]. Comput Inform Nurs, 2016, 34(4): 152-158. 

[14] Senol C S, Ozdemir K Z, Canda A E, et al. Experiences of perioperative nurses with robotic-assisted surgery: a systematic review of qualitative studies[J]. J Robot Surg, 2023, 17(3): 785-795. 

[15] Moloney R, Coffey A, Coffey J C, et al. Nurses’ perceptions and experiences of robotic assisted surgery (RAS): An integrative review[J]. Nurse Educ Pract, 2023. DOI: 10.1016/j.nepr.2023.103724. 

[16] 陆彤 , 李雪云 . 达芬奇机器人手术护理配合考核表的设计与应用 [J]. 护理实践与研究 , 2020, 17(10): 117-119. 

[17] 杨万通 , 张秋雯 , 穆莉 , 等 . 护士配合机器人手术体验质性研究的 Meta 整合 [J]. 中华护理杂志 , 2022, 57(16): 2003-2009. 

[18] 唐鲁 , 郭志红 , 朱国雄 , 等 . 香港达芬奇机器人手术护士培训课程介 绍 [J]. 护理学杂志 , 2015, 30(14): 15-17. 

[19] 陈美云 , 张晓霞 , 柯晓郑 , 等 . 达芬奇机器人手术室的全面质量管理 [J]. 福建医药杂志 , 2021, 43(3): 137-139. 

[20] 郑国燕 , 张玲玲 . 基于岗位胜任力的专科护士培养研究进展 [J]. 中国 临床护理 , 2022, 14(2): 124-127. 

[21] 喻晓芬 , 何茫茫 . 模块化培训模式在机器人手术配合训练中的应用 [J]. 机器人外科学杂志 ( 中英文 ), 2022, 3(3): 217-223. 

[22] 王得菊 , 文红玲 , 何昭好 , 等 . 基于冰山理论机器人辅助手术护士核 心能力特征要素的质性研究 [J]. 全科护理 , 2024, 22(20): 3910-3913. 

[23] 杨梦 . 机器人辅助外科手术配合护士胜任力评价指标体系的构建 [D]. 长沙 : 中南大学 , 2022. 

[24] 密田 , 高丽丽 . 达芬奇机器人在手术中的应用 [J]. 世界最新医学信息 文摘 , 2019, 19(96): 132-134. 

[25] 陈如婷 . 基于岗位胜任力达芬奇机器人手术室护士培训方案的构建 [D]. 成都 : 电子科技大学 , 2023. 

[26] 何沛秦 , 杨继平 , 周毅峰 , 等 . 达芬奇机器人手术护士学习探索期体 验的质性研究 [J]. 当代护士 ( 中旬刊 ), 2023, 30(7): 18-22. 

[27] 白亚爽 , 张增梅 , 魏薇 , 等 . 我国机器人辅助手术系统的手术室护士 培训现状调查 [J]. 中国实用护理杂志 , 2022, 38(25): 1961-1966. 

[28] 李建萍 , 刘意抒 , 蔡丽萍 , 等 . 达芬奇手术机器人国际培训中心建设 [J]. 解放军医院管理杂志 , 2017, 24(12): 1156-1158. 

[29] 罗敏 , 谢燚 , 陈晓卿 , 等 . 医护团队仿真模拟培训对达芬奇机器人手 术配合效果的影响 [J]. 护理实践与研究 , 2019, 16(22): 136-138. 

[30] 滕敏 , 王新 , 刘光英 , 等 .机器人手术专科护士临床培训的研究进展 [J]. 护理学报 , 2024, 31(12): 36-40.