目的：探究机器人辅助腹腔镜根治性前列腺切除术（Robot-assisted radical laparoscopic prostatectomy，RLRP）后造成切缘病理阳性的一些影响因素，并讨论切缘阳性与尿控及生化复发的关系。方法：采用回顾性分析研究 2018 年 7 月 ~2020 年 11 月郑州大学第一附属医院接受 RLRP 术患者 86 例的临床资料。按照 PSA、前列腺突入膀胱长度（IPPL）等进行分组，分析各组切缘阳性率的差异。结果：86 例患者的手术均在达芬奇辅助腹腔镜下顺利完成，无 1 例中转开放。分别经两位术者完成，其中术者 A 为 41 台，术者 B 为 45 台；手术平均出血量为（85.00±48.35）ml，手术平均时间为（187.35±65.23）min。术后病理结果均证实是前列腺癌，手术后发现切缘阳性 36 例（41.9%），术中行淋巴结清扫 63 例，其中 20 例为淋巴结阳性。将所有危险因素分组后进行单因素分析，对单变量分析得到的具有统计学意义的数据行 Logistic回归分析，多变量分析结果提示术者（P=0.038）、术前 PSA（P<0.001）、IPPL（P=0.02）、穿刺的 Gleason 分数（P=0.005）是造成手术切缘阳性的独立危险因素。术后 79 位患者得到随访，平均随访时间为（271.09±186.01）d，术后生化复发比例为 16.5%，术后排尿控制比例为 68.35%，手术切缘的病理阳性比例与排尿控制（P=0.002）和生化复发（P<0.001）存在相关性。结论：操作者、PSA、IPPL 和 Gleason 分数是造成 RLRP 术后切缘阳性的独立危险要素，切缘阳性与排尿控制和生化复发存在相关性。

Objective: To investigate the factors influencing positive posterior margin after robot-assisted radical laparoscopic prostatectomy (RLRP), and evaluate the relationship between positive posterior margin and biochemical recurrence or urinary control. Methods: The clinical data of 86 patients underwent RLRP in the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University from July 2018 to November 2020 were retrospectively analyzed. The differences of incidence of positive posterior margin in different groups were analyzed based on PSA, intravesical prostatic protrusion length (IPPL), preoperative clinical stage and other indicators. Results: All the 86 cases were successfully completed under RLRP without conversion to open surgery. 41 cases were performed by Doctor A, and 45cases by Doctor B, with an average operative time (187.35±65.23) min and average intraoperative bleeding (85.00±48.35) ml. All patients were confirmed prostate cancer after surgery by pathological findings, and 36 cases of positive surgical margin were found after surgery. 63 cases of lymph node dissection were performed and 20 cases of lymph node-positive were found.Risk factors were divided into groups and executed with univariate analysis. The logistic regression analysis was used to process statistically meaningful univariate data. Multivariate analyses suggested that Performer(P=0.038), Preoperative PSA(P<0.001), IPPL(P=0.02), Gleason score(P=0.005) were isolated risk factors. 79 cases were given follow-up after operation, with and average follow-up time of (271.09±186.01) days. The biochemical recurrence rate was 16.46%, postoperative urinary control rate was 68.35%. A correlation between positive margin and biochemical recurrence(P<0.001) or urinary control(P=0.002) was found in this research. Conclusion: Performer, preoperative PSA、IPPL and preoperative puncture pathological Gleason score are independent risk factors to positive margin after RLRP, which is correlated with biochemical recurrence and urinary control.